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C++ Builder has specific path manipulation routines that allows user to edit, extract, get and set drive name, directory name, file name, file extensions etc. and these methods are combined in Vcl.FileCtrl, System.IOUtils, System.SysUtils libraries. These path manipulation methods are easy to use and easy to get or set file path strings in that operating system. These can be used with other component properties like FileName property of OpenDialog, SaveDialog components.
We recently discussed how to use the GetFileName method in your C++ app in an article on this blog. The ExtractFileName is very similar, but works in a slightly different way.
Let’s see how we can use ExtractFileName Method to extract a File Name from the File Path String on Windows.
What is the ExtractFileName method?
The ExtractFileName method (System::SysUtils::ExtractFileName) is a Path Manipulation Routine that extracts the name and extension parts of a file name from a path string. In other terms it returns a string that is the rightmost characters of FileName, starting with the first character after the colon or backslash that separates the path information from the name and extension. The resulting string is equal to FileName, if FileName contains no drive and directory parts. Note that this function works for multi-byte character systems (MBCS) that means it uses and returns UnicodeString.
Syntax:
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System::UnicodeString __fastcall ExtractFileName(const System::UnicodeString FileName); // overload |
Simple Example:
We can separate drives and folders in a path string with “\\” to define single \ and we can extract file name as below,
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String fname = ExtractFileName( L"D:\\MainFolder\\SubFolder\\myimage.jpg" ); |
the output file name string will be ” myimage.jpg “.
Here is a full C++ Builder VCL example of how to use ExtractFuileName in your C++ software
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#include <vcl.h> #pragma hdrstop #include "Unit1.h" //--------------------------------------------------------------------------- #pragma package(smart_init) #pragma resource "*.dfm" TForm1 *Form1; //--------------------------------------------------------------------------- __fastcall TForm1::TForm1(TComponent* Owner) : TForm(Owner) { String str = L"D:\\MainFolder\\SubFolder\\myimage.jpg"; String fname = ExtractFileName( str ); ShowMessage( L"File Name: " + fname); } |
Here ShowMessage() command will extract and display file name from this string as “myimage.jpg” below,
We can easily use this method with the FileName property of OpenDialog, SaveDialog components or with the string properties of other components. Here is the C++ Builder VCL Example,
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#include <vcl.h> #pragma hdrstop #include "Unit1.h" //--------------------------------------------------------------------------- #pragma package(smart_init) #pragma resource "*.dfm" TForm1 *Form1; //--------------------------------------------------------------------------- __fastcall TForm1::TForm1(TComponent* Owner) : TForm(Owner) { } //--------------------------------------------------------------------------- void __fastcall TForm1::Button1Click(TObject *Sender) { OpenDialog1->Execute(); String fname = ExtractFileName( OpenDialog1->FileName ); ShowMessage( L"File Name: " + fname); } |
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